Description
The Redbelly Snake is brown, gray or black and grows to
only 40 cm in length. Individuals may have a single broad light
stripe, or four faint and narrow dark stripes, or all five stripes
down the back. There are three light spots on the nape of the
neck, which may fuse to form a ring. The belly is usually red, but
may be orange or yellow.
Confusing Species
The red belly and light spots about the neck are quite
diagnostic for this species. The Ringneck
Snake has a definite ring about the neck, rather than just
spots. It also rarely has a red belly and the Ringneck Snakes
grows to over 75 cm in total length.
Distribution
The Redbelly Snake occurs from eastern Saskatchewan to
Nova Scotia. The distribution in Canada is not continuous as it is
not found north of Lake Superior. The Redbelly Snake is found
across much of the eastern US as far south as Texas and Florida.
Habitat
The edges of wooded areas are the preferred habitat of
Redbelly Snakes, hence they are often found in fields, meadows and
abandoned farms.
Reproduction
Mating occurs in the spring or sometimes in the fall.
Females do not lay eggs but give birth to their young in late
summer. A brood can consist of up to 21 snakes, although
approximately 7 is the average. The newly born snakes are 7-10 cm
in length and mature in approximately 2 years.
Natural history
Redbelly Snakes are primarily nocturnal, remaining
concealed under boards or logs during the day. They eat mainly
slugs, but other invertebrates such as earthworms and insects are
also consumed. Occasionally Redbelly Snakes will climb shrubs or
trees. An individual may move no more than 500 m from its
hibernation site over the entire summer. Most Redbelly Snakes make
use of the same hibernacula each winter.
Conservation Concerns
This snake is virtually absent in areas of low forest
cover. Individuals are also frequently found dead on roads. Yet
where good habitat remains, the Redbelly Snakes may be one of the
most commonest snakes.
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