Description
Until recently this species and the Short-horned Lizard
were considered to be different subspecies of the Short-horned
Lizard. Recently it has been discovered that the two groups are
separate species. The Pygmy Short-horned Lizard is gray,
yellowish, or reddish-brown. Males are smaller than females.
Confusing Species
A small lizard with a fringe of tiny horns around its
sides, the Pygmy Short-horned Lizard is not easily confused with
any other species in British Columbia.
Distribution
The Pygmy Short-horned Lizard was only found in extreme
southern British Columbia. It is still found in the US along the
Pacific Northwest.
Habitat
This lizard is associated with the mixed grass prairie.
It is frequently found at the edge of habitat types, particularly
coulee and canyon rims. South-facing slopes are favoured, likely
to extend the short active season.
Reproduction
Unlike most lizards, the Pygmy Short-horned Lizard
gives birth to its young, rather than laying eggs. Because of
this, the mother can provide greater control over the temperature
of the embryos. This likely allows this lizard to exist so far
north.
Natural history
The Pygmy Short-horned Lizard eats mainly ants and
other insects. Females are considerably larger than males, likely
to allow room for their developing young. Males likely reach
maturity after their first hibernation. Females likely require
another year. Females can live for five years, or perhaps even
longer.
Conservation Concerns
The Pygmy Short-horned Lizard has not been confirmed to
be present in Canada since the late 1800s. There are a few reports
from the first half of the 20th century, but this species is
undoubtedly extinct in Canada.
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